Currently, it doesn’t seem like there’s a way to scale elements from the Design panel in a way that’s not anchored to the top-left of the element.
Before I understood the true purpose of the Constraints section, I assumed it applied to how elements were manually scaled. Maybe it makes sense to have it also do that? Scaling from the top-left is arbitrary, especially if the element is currently set to a centered constraint in its frame.
Otherwise, maybe there’s a different similar section in the panel that has to do with where the scaling anchor point is.
Here’s a screen capture gif of me expecting these shapes to scale from their respective center-points, rather than their top-lefts, as I often want to do.